Lesotho has demonstrated strong commitment towards addressing poverty and vulnerability through social protection. In 2017-18, lesotho’s social assistanceexpenditure was 5.7% of its gdp, compared to about 1 to 2% in most other developing countries. A concerted effort has been taken to implement a comprehensive and coherent social protection strategy. The ministry of social development (mosd), created in 2012, has been leading this effort. The national social protection strategy of 2015 aims to operationalize a set of programmes, operated by various ministries, that seek to reduce vulnerabilities across the life course of individuals. Despite these attempts, intersectoral coordination remains a challenge. In fact, the bulk of social assistance expenditure and coverage sits outside the ministry’s purview: more than 80% of the government’s social assistance spending go to the old age pension, managed by the ministry of finance, a tertiary bursary programme implemented by the ministry of development planning, and the national school feeding programme managed by the ministry of education and training.